[Basic] How to read circuit diagram for beginners

I recently took a survey on Twitter and found that many people are quite concerned about how to read circuit schematics.

So this time, I would like to talk about how to read schematics, which you don't have to be an electrician to understand.

Please watch this movie to the end.

-Table of Contents 0:00 Opening 0:23 Basic rules of schematics 3:00 Circuit symbols you should memorize 5:25 Tips 6:43 Conclusion

-Introduction Hardware engineer 9 years experience as a Maker

-SNS Web : https://start-electronics.com/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/buonoatsushi

#Electronics #circuitdiagram #schematics #electroniccircuits

-Content There are no absolute rules for schematics, but there are some conventions that should be easy to read for everyone. There are four such conventions, roughly speaking, as follows. I will introduce them one by one using the published Arduino schematics as an example. The first one is that electricity flows roughly from left to right. For example, in this part of the circuit, the power supply voltage VIN is input on the left side, and the voltage divided by the resistor enters the comparator and is output on the right side. The signal is input to the FET, which also receives a signal from the left side, and when the FET turns on, the signal is transmitted to the right side, where 3.3 V voltage is output from the right side through the voltage regulator. Although a quick glance at the schematic does not show the direction of the current, it will be easier to read and understand if you keep this basic rule in mind. The next is to write the higher voltage on the top and the lower voltage on the bottom. Voltage is often described as a dam, so this image should be easy to understand. As you can see from the schematic, in many places high voltage is written on the top. Next is that areas connected by the same line are at the same voltage level.For example, since they are connected to each other in this section, they will all have the same voltage applied to them. The last thing is that if the power supply, GND, and label have the same name, they are connected to each other.For example, if you look at this schematic, there are many power supplies with the name +5V, but they are all connected on the circuit.There are also signals with the same name, USBVCC, here and here, which are separated on the schematic but are actually connected to each other.This is done to reduce the number of lines as much as possible to avoid messing up the schematic.Where to cut the wires depends entirely on the sense of the person who drew the schematic, so it is up to each person to decide. Next, I will introduce the circuit symbols that you should memorize at a minimum. It is much easier to read a schematic if you memorize the circuit symbols in advance, so let's keep them in mind here. So, I have compiled a list of them. First, here are the circuit symbols for the very basic electronic components. Resistors are used equally in this jagged or square one. Capacitors are marked with a plus sign on one side if they are of the oriented type like electrolytic capacitors. Diodes and LEDs have the same element structure, so the same symbol is used only with or without an arrow to indicate light. Transistors and FETs are each of two types, differing only in the direction of the arrow. Transistors are easy to remember because the direction of current flow matches the direction of the arrow, but FETs may be a little harder to understand sensibly because they represent the direction of parasitic diodes that are created in the device due to its structure. This is a power supply, and the symbol used differs depending on whether it is DC or AC. These are circuit symbols that are key to reading and understanding schematic diagrams.GND and ground are sometimes used interchangeably, but they have strictly different meanings, as GND is a voltage reference point in a circuit and ground is a connection point to the earth.Signal lines are used to connect distant locations on a circuit diagram. The direction of the arrows matches the direction of the inputs and outputs, making them easy to read and understand.For wiring, black circles are placed where the lines are connected to each other.It is said that it is better to avoid making crosses on a schematic because it is sometimes difficult to tell if there are black circles or not. Finally, I have also included some parts for special purposes. You will encounter these parts frequently, so please keep them in mind while you are at it. I will post these tables on the website, so please bookmark them so that you can check them anytime.

Finally, just two little tips for reading schematics. First, schematics are often grouped by function to some extent, so it is easier to read and understand them if you understand them by function. In this Arduino schematic, it is divided into a power supply section, CPU section, interface section, and so on. ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Au0qMSOCnTk