Plasma: The Forth Phase Of Matter
Mr. Singularity
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š„ Plasma: The Forth Phase Of Matter š„
š Plasma is a particular type of electrified gas that is itself a state. Imagine heating up an ice-filled tub and watching it move from concrete to liquid to fire. American chemist Irving Langmuir observed in 1927 that the manner in which plasmas carried electrons, ions, molecules, and other impurities was similar to how blood plasma ferries around red and white blood cells, and germs. Plasma physics is a rich and diverse field of inquiry, with a special twist of its own. It is the condition of the plasma that makes up the 'physical' plasma, not the other way around.
Plasma must be heated to more than 100 million degrees Celsius before fusion can occur on Earth. Hot plasma is unstable and doesn't like staying at a fixed volume, which means it's hard to contain and make it useful. Plasma is often intertwined with space physics across Earth, where the stuff is carried across the vacuum on the sun's winds. Earth's magnetic field is protecting us from the activated plasma particles and harmful solar wind rays, but all of our rockets, spacecraft and astronauts remain vulnerable. The world's largest tokamak reactor, expected to open in 2025, would give us our best shot of potentially achieving progress.
Plasmas play a similar role in terrestrial, atmospheric conditions to that of fluid dynamics. Most of my work has been dedicated to something called magnetic reconnection. I hope plasma physics will provide insight into how stars, galaxies and clusters of galaxies first formed. Plasmas help to explain some of the most spectacular phenomena we've seen in the cosmos' remotest regions. If we ever achieve controlled nuclear fusion plasmas could be something without which we can no longer live.
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š„ #Science #Plasma #Matter
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