Waveform Definition

A visual representation of the variation of voltage/current over time.

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Two Types Uni & Bi

Unidirectional

flows in one direction and can be positive or negative but never goes across the zero axis point - it stays either above or below

Bidirectional

Another word for it is alternating alternates constantly from a positive direction to a negative direction constantly crossing the 0 axis

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Characteristics

All waveforms have three characteristics

• Period
• Frequency
• Amplitude

Period (T)

Denoted with capital T Time in seconds for the waveform to repeat itself or complete one cycle Thing to remember about period: Its how long it takes the waveform in terms of time and seconds. For example it took me an hour to drive home.

Mains In The UK

The AC waveform repeats itself every 20 ms.

Frequency (f)

Denoted with with lowercase f The frequency is how many times one cycle of the waveform is repeated per second It is measured in hertz (Hz)

Thing to remember about frequency: Its what is the rate/speed of the waveform.. how many cycles occur per second. Which is different to how long it took. For example I drove home at 70mph.

Mains In The UK

The AC waveform repeats itself 50 times per second - hence its 50Hz.

Amplitude (A)

Denoted with capital A Technical definition: Amplitude is the fluctuation or displacement of a wave from its mean value. In terms of electricity Amplitude is the maximum value of current or voltage.

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Waveforms Types

Definitions

Sine

A sine wave or sinusoid is a mathematical curve that describes a smooth periodic oscillation.

Square

A square wave is a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum.

Triangle

A non-sinusoidal wave that is named after its shape is a linear, continuous real function that raises at a constant rate with time.

Sawtooth

A waveform that repeatedly ramps upwards (usually linearly) and then sharply drops. Named after the teeth on a saw obviously.

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Hi, I'm Hamed, an Electrical & Electronics Engineering Student in Leeds, UK. At the time of recording this video I am in my second year at university.

Visit my website at www.hamed.engineer

If you have any questions you can email me at hamed@hamed.engineer or just comment below.

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All lessons done using whiteboard and pen are done on the iPad 2018 and Apple Pencil. ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgU17fiDE7s