OS command injection | lab portswigger | dvwa

OS command injection

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In this section, we'll explain what OS command injection is, describe how vulnerabilities can be detected and exploited, spell out some useful commands and techniques for different operating systems, and summarize how to prevent OS command injection.

What is OS command injection?

OS command injection (also known as shell injection) is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary operating system (OS) commands on the server that is running an application, and typically fully compromise the application and all its data. Very often, an attacker can leverage an OS command injection vulnerability to compromise other parts of the hosting infrastructure, exploiting trust relationships to pivot the attack to other systems within the organization.

Executing arbitrary commands

Consider a shopping application that lets the user view whether an item is in stock in a particular store. This information is accessed via a URL like:

https://insecure-website.com/stockStatus?productID=381&storeID=29

To provide the stock information, the application must query various legacy systems. For historical reasons, the functionality is implemented by calling out to a shell command with the product and store IDs as arguments:

stockreport.pl 381 29

This command outputs the stock status for the specified item, which is returned to the user.

The three lines of output demonstrate that:

The original stockreport.pl command was executed without its expected arguments, and so returned an error message.
The injected echo command was executed, and the supplied string was echoed in the output.
The original argument 29 was executed as a command, which caused an error.

Placing the additional command separator & after the injected command is generally useful bec ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gUYrRUdjLlg