Watching the End of the World

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What would we see if we could journey through time, from Earth’s birth up to its death? Join us today on a voyage through time, from planetary creation to the blossoming of life, from the first civilizations to the planet’s ultimate demise.

An educational video written & presented by Prof David Kipping

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::Notes:: ► Fun fact! We used clips from 21 different films to make this video, trying watching through a second time and playing a quiz to see if you can get them all (answers below!). ► Disclaimer: Of course this is not exhaustive, many details/events are omitted in the interest of time. Predictions are based on current best estimates from the scientific literature and thus may be subject to change as our projections improve.

::Music:: All music used is licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ► My Unbelief by Hill licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/8128 ► Ticking by Alternate Endings licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/7404 ► Painted Deserts by Shimmer licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/9913 ► Always Dreaming by Caleb Etheridge via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/5534 ► Arrival by Joachim Heinrich licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://joachimheinrich.bandcamp.com/track/arrival ► Horizon by Joachim Heinrich licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://joachimheinrich.bandcamp.com/track/horizon ► Reverence by Triad licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/754 ► Waking Up by Atlas licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/3984 ► Mountain by Stephen Keech via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/6704 ► Cylinder Seven by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: http://chriszabriskie.com/cylinders/ ► It's Always Darkest Before the Dawn by Hill licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/7441 ► Fable by Stephen Keech licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/6312 ► Selha by Stephen Keech licensed via SS: https://app.soundstripe.com/songs/7102

::Predictions are based on these peer-reviewed articles & refs therein:: ► O'Malley et al. (2012), "Swansong Biospheres: Refuges for life and novel microbial biospheres on terrestrial planets near the end of their habitable lifetimes", IJA 12, 99: https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.5721 ► Caldeira & Kasting (1992), "The life span of the biosphere revisited", Nature 360, 721: https://www.nature.com/articles/360721a0 ► Schröder & Connon Smith (2008), "Distant future of the Sun and Earth revisited", MNRAS 386, 155: https://arxiv.org/abs/0801.4031 ► Lovelock & Whitfield (1982), "Life span of the biosphere", Nature 296, 561: https://www.nature.com/articles/296561a0

::Films clips used:: ► Noah (2014) Paramount Pictures ► Lucy (2014) Universal Pictures ► Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows (2011) Warner Bros. Pictures ► The Big Short (2015) Paramount Pictures ► Contact (1997) Warner Bros. Pictures ► The Time Machine (2002) DreamWorks Pictures/Warner Bros. Pictures ► First Man (2018) Universal Pictures ► Interstellar (2014) Paramount Pictures/Warner Bros. Pictures ► Clockstoppers (2002) Paramount Pictures ► Prometheus (2012) 20th Century Fox ► Arrival (2016) Paramount Pictures ► Avengers: Endgame (2019) Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures ► Blade Runner 2049 (2017) Warner Bros. Pictures/Sony Pictures ► The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997) Universal Pictures ► Jurassic Park (1993) Universal Pictures ► Terminator Salvation (2009) Warner Bros. Pictures/Sony Pictures ► I Am Legend (2007) Warner Bros. Pictures ► The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford (2007) Warner Bros. Pictures ► Sunshine (2007) Fox Searchlight Pictures ► The Martian (2015) 20th Century Fox ► Ad Astra (2019) 20th Century Fox

::TV clips used:: ► Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey (2014) Fox/National Geographic ► Earth: A History (2012) National Geographic ► The Planets (2019) BBC ► Do We Really Need the Moon? (2014) BBC ► Inside the Earth (2017) National Geographic ► How the Universe Works (2015) Science Channel ► Origin of Life - How Life Started on Earth (2016) Nova ► Star Trek The Next Generation (1994) Paramount ► LIFE (2009) BBC ► Earth: Making of a Planet (2011) National Geographic ► Clash of the Dinosaurs (2009) Discovery ► Mass Extinction: Life at the Brink (2014) Smithsonian Channel ► Wild Alaska (2015) BBC ► Out of the Cradle (2019) NHK ► Mankind The Story of All of Us (2013) History Channel ► Human Universe (2014) BBC ► The Big Dry (2018) Smithsonian Channel ► Africa (2013) BBC ► Space Odyssey: Voyage To The Planets (2004) BBC

::Other clips used:: See shorturl.at/rzEQS

Website: www.coolworldslab.com Twitter: @david_kipping

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