In this video I discuss how to do math in bash both with the echo command and the expr command, I also briefly discuss how to format floating point numbers in bash to a specific decimal place.

Source code in this video #this will echo the literal string echo 1 + 1 ##you need to use expr instead of echo to get the proper output expr 1 + 1 expr 3 - 2

#you can create variables that equal the result of the calculation this way add_result=$(expr 20 + 8) sub_result=$(expr 20 - 8) #escape the * with a backslash () otherwise you'll get a syntax error here. mul_result=$(expr 20 * 8) div_result=$(expr 20 / 5) rem_result=$(expr 20 % 5)

echo '$add_result is equal to '$add_result echo '$sub_result is equal to '$sub_result echo '$mul_result is equal to '$mul_result echo '$div_result is equal to '$div_result echo '$rem_result is equal to '$rem_result

num1=50 num2=10

escaping * is not necessary when using echo

echo $(( num1 + num2 )) echo $(( num1 - num2 )) echo $(( num1 * num2 )) echo $(( num1 / num2 )) echo $(( num1 % num2 ))

#floating point numbers #by default bash cannot do math with decinam numbers, atleast not using expr or echo expr 20 + 0.5 #to avoid errors pipe results into bc, which stands for basic calculator echo "20.5 + 0.4" | bc #this will not give you the proper output because it cuts off the decimal echo "20.5 / 5" | bc #To get past this error we must use the -l command after bc echo "20.5 / 5" | bc -l #use scale to round to a particular decimal place echo "scale=3;20.5 / 5" | bc -l

End of Source Code

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